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No. 574,282. PaLentedDeu. 29, 189 6.

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Patented vDec. 29, 1896.

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' UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES SEBASTIAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS J. CHENEYAND JAMES M. DAVIS, OF SAME PLACE.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 574,282, dated December29, 1896.

Application filed February 24, 1896. Serial No. 580,571. (No model) ToaZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES SEBASTIAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Butter-Churns, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention has relation to improvements in butter-churns; and itconsists in the novel arrangement and combination of parts more fullysetforth in the specification, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a middle vertical section of the apparatus.Fig. 2 is a section on .20 0c of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of thebottom blade-disk of the air-induction tube. Fig. 4 is a side elevationof the same with the bottom of the tube attached thereto, the partsbeing broken away; and Fig. 5 is a perspective detail of a portion ofthe periphcry of the tube, showing the manner of the formation of theair-openings.

The object of my invention is to construct a churn which shall producebutter through the churning agency of air, to provide means whereby theair-currents can be forced into the milk with a maximum agitatingvelocity, thus producing butter in a minimum amount of time, and toprovide a simple, durable, economic, and highly-superior churn.

The main feature of the present device lies in the specific constructionof the air-induction tube and in minor details of construction to be nowdescribed.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a general supporting frame forthe several parts. At a convenient point of the frame is mounted a handgear-wheel 2, provided with a handle 3 and meshing with a terminalpinion 4, carried at the outer projecting end of a shaft 5, mounted independing bearings 6 and 7, forming part of the frame, and having acollar 8, secured by a binding-bolt 9, adjacent to the inner wall of thebearing 6, the object of the collar being to prevent the shaft 5 fromshifting in its bearings. The inner end of the shaft 5 carries a bevelgear-wheel 10, which meshes with a bevel-pinion 11, secured at the lowerend of a rotating spindle 12, guided in and passing through the centraldepending tubular bearing 13, forming a part of the frame 1. The upperreduced exteriorly-screw-threaded neck 14 of the tubular bearing 13extends a suitable distance above the bottom of the receptacle 15 of thechurn, a washer 16 and a suitable packing-ring 17 being passed over saidneck to make a watertight joint at that point. Secured by a transversepin 18 to the spindle 12 and embracing said spindle and bearing againstthe top surface of the neck 14 is a cylindrical block 19, the adjacentsurfaces of the block and neck being made to bear tightly against oneanother by the resilient action of a spring 20, interposed between thepinion 11 and the lower surface of the tubular bearing 13 and encirclingsaid spindle. The resiliency of the spring tends to push down 011 thepinion 11, which, being keyed to the spindle, draws the latter after itand insuring a tight joint between the block 19 and neck 14.

Embracing the upper end of the spindle, that is, the end projectingabove the block 19, is the hub 21 of a hollow propelling-blade disk 22,whose periphery is connected to the hub portion by a series of inclinedblades 23, the said blade-disk forming the perforated bottom of therotatable air-induction tube or cylinder 23, located centrally withinthe receptacle 15 and extending up to within a suitable distance fromthe cover 24 thereof. The hub 21 loosely'embraces the spindle 12, butthe lower peripheral extension of said hub is provided with adownwardly-inclined finger 25, having formed as a part thereof a concavedepression 26, which the projecting end of the pin 18 is adapted toengage, and in the rotation of the spindle the engaging end of the saidpin 18 will revolve the hub 21 with it, and thus impart rotation to thetube 23.

The manner of effecting the rotation of the parts is too obvious fromthe gear connections, as shown, and needs no detailed description.

Along the periphery of the cylinder or tube 23, and at a slight distancefrom the base thereof, are cut the vertically-elongated (or practicallyelliptical) slots or openings 26, the same being formed by puncturingthe plate of the periphery in a manner to have the width of the opening(or minor axis thereof) in a line with the radius of the cross-seetional circle of the tube (see Fig. 2) and the length of the opening (ormajor axis) substantially parallel with the general axis of the tube.(See Fig. 5.) In addition these openings are characterized in havingtheir sides circumscribed exteriorly by the outwardly-convex terminaledge 27 of the outwardly-bulging wall 28, bounding one side of theopening, and circumscribed interiorly by the inwardly-convex edge 29 ofthe abutting bulging wall 30, bounding the opposite side of the opening,the wall 28 being, however, the larger of the two, that is, coveringmore superficial area. Of course the nearer parallel the major axes ofthe several openings are with the axis of rotation of the'air-inductiontube the greater will be the elficiency of the latter in drawing airinto the receptacle holding the cream. The tube 23 being rotated in thedirection indicated by the arrows in Figs. 2 and 3, the air will bedrawn in, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 1, thence pass into and throughthe openings QUand into the cream confined within the receptacle,thoroughly agitating said cream and prod ucing butter in a minimumamount of time. A hollow rib 31, formed along the inner wall of thereceptacle, serves to deflect the general rotary motion imparted to theliquid, and thus serves as an additional means of agitating the cream.As seen by the arrow in Fig. 2, the openings 20' tend in adirectionopposite to the direction of rotation of the tube, thereby drawing theair from the out side into the interior of the tube and through theopenings into the cream to be converted or operated on. An annularconcave hood 50, opening downward and carried by the outer wall of thetube 23, serves as a further deflector of the currents of cream, thusminimizing the time in which the butter can be produced.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a butter-churn, asuitable rotatable air-induction tube, having one or more elongatedopenings formed along the periphery of the tube, the major axis of eachopening being substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of thetube, the minor axis of each opening being substantially in line withthe radius of a cross-sectional circle of the tube, a largeoutwardly-convex wall bounding the outer limit of each opening, and aninwardly convex and smaller wall bounding the inward limit of eachopening, substantially as set forth.

2. In a butter-churn, a suitable cream-receptacle, a spindle mounted inthe same, a transverse pin carried by the upper end of the spindle, arotatable air-induction tube located in the receptacle, a tubular hubforming part of said tube and adapted to pass over said spindle, and afinger formed with the hub and having an engaging depression with whichthe end of the transverse pin is adapted to engage during the rotationof the spindle, substantially as set forth.

3. In a butter-churn, an air-induction tube or cylinder, having a seriesof peripheral openings formed at one end thereof, a bladedisk having aseries of blades radiating from a common center forming the bottom ofthe tube, and means for imparting rotation to the tube and disk,substantially as set forth.

l. In a butter-churn, a suitable cream-receptacle, a spindle projectingthrough the bottom of the same on either side thereof, a pinion carriedat the lower end of said spindle, a coiled spring encircling the spindleand interposed between the terminal pinion and the bottom of thereceptacle, and a block carried by the spindle above the bottom andadjacent thereto and bearing down upon the same by reason of theresilient action of the spring, whereby a tight joint is made be tweenthe spindle and the bottom, substantially as set forth.

5. In a butter-churn, a suitable rotatable spindle, an air-inductiontube having a bottom provided withahub adapted to embrace or pass overthe upper end of the spindle, a circular block carried by the spindleand adapted to be embraced by the lower portion of the hub, a pin passedtransversely through the block and spindle, and a finger forming acontinuation of the tubular portion of the hub and adapted to engage theprojecting end of the pin, substantially as set forth.

0. In a butter-churn, an air-induction tube or cylinder, having a seriesof openings disposed along the peripheral walls of the same, ablade-disk forming the perforated bottom of said tube, said disk havinga series of inclined blades radiating from a common center to the wallsof the tube, and means for imparting rotation to the tube and disk,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES SEBASTIAN.

\Vitnesses:

ALFRED A. MATHEY, EMIL STAREK.

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